MODALS

MAY
1.  (+) I may borrow your pen
     (-)  I may not borrow your pen

    (?)  May I borrow your pen?

2.    (+) He may be sick

     (-)  He may not  be sick

     (?)  May he be sick?

3.    (+)  She may go home now

     (-)  She may not go home now

     (?)  May she go home now?

4.    (+) You may come to my house

     (-)  You may not come to my house

     (?)  May you come to my house?

5.    (+) We may go to the party

     (-)  We may not go to the party

     (?)  May we go to the party?

CAN

1.         (+)  She can play  the piano

        (-)   She can not play the piano

        (?)  Can she play the piano?

2.         (+)  You can send me letter

        (-)   You can not send me letter

        (?)  Can you send me letter?

3.         (+)  They can play football

        (-)   They can not play football

        (?)  Can they play football?

4.         (+)  He can come to her house

        (-)   He can not come to her house

        (?)  Can he come to her house?

5.         (+)  Susi can drive motorcycle

        (-)   Susi can not drive motorcycle

       (?)  Can Susi drive motorcycle?

MUST

1.         (+)  They must keep my secret

        (-)   They must not keep my secret

        (?)  Must they keep my secret?

2.         (+)  She must come to campuss

        (-)  She must not come to campuss

        (?)  Must she come to campuss?

3.         (+)  You must do your task

        (-)   You must not do your task

        (?)  Must you do your task?

4.         (+)  We must go now

        (-)   We must not go now

        (?)  Must we go now?

5.         (+)  He must drive this car

        (-)   He must drive this car

        (?)  Must he drive this car?

MIGHT

1.         (+)  You might get your honour

        (-)   You might not get your honour

        (?)  Might you get your honour?

2.         (+)  He might try his examination

        (-)   He might not try his examination

        (?)  Might he try his examination?

3.         (+)  We might study english

        (-)   We might not study english

        (?)  Might we study english?

4.         (+)  She might do her task

        (-)   She might not do her task

        (?)  Might she do her task?

5.         (+)  They might play football

        (-)   They might not play football

        (?)  Might they play football?

SHOULD

1.         (+)  She should do her homework

        (-)   She should not do her homework

        (?)  Should she do her homework?

2.         (+)  We should come to your party

        (-)   We shouldn’t come to your party

        (?)  Should we come to your party?

3.         (+)  I should study english

        (-)   I shouldn’t study english

        (?)  Should I study english?

4.         (+)  They should play football

       (-)   They shouldn’t play football

       (?)  Should They play football?

5.         (+)  He should forgive them

        (-)  He shouldn’t forgive them

        (?)  Should he forgive them

COULD

1.         (+)  We could come to your party

        (-)   We couldn’t come to your party

        (?)  Could we come to your party?

2.         (+)  She could do her task

        (-)   She could not do her task

        (?)  Could she do her task?

3.         (+)  They could play football

        (-)   They could not play football

        (?)  Could they play football?

4.         (+)  He could help me now

        (-)   He could not help me now

        (?)  Could he help me now?

5.         (+)  Santi could borrow the book

        (-)   Santi could not borrow the book

        (?)  Could Santi borrow the book?

OUGHT TO

1.         (+)  We ought to go there

        (-)   We ought not to go there

        (?)  Ought we to go there?

2.         (+)  She ought to take a rest

        (-)   She ought not to take a rest

        (?)  Ought she to take a rest?

3.         (+)  They ought to studied hard

        (-)   They ought not to studied hard

        (?)  Ought they to studied hard?

4.         (+)  I ought to come to your house

        (-)   I ought not to come to your house

        (?)  Ought I to come to your house?

5.         (+)  He ought to read the newspaper

        (-)   He ought not to read the newspaper

        (?)  Ought he to read the newspaper?

HAD BETTER

1.         (+)  She had better studied hard

        (-)   She had better not studied hard

        (?)  Had better she studied hard?

2.         (+)  They had better do their homework

        (-)   They had better not do their homework

        (?)  Had better they do their homework?

3.         (+)  Andi had better come to her party

        (-)   Andi had better not come to her party

       (?)  Had better andi come to her party?

4.         (+)  We had better play tennis

        (-)   We had better not play tennis

        (?)  Had better we play tennis?

5.         (+)  You had better get your book

        (-)  You had better not get your book

        (?)  Had better you get your book?

HAVE TO

1.         (+)  They have to play football

        (-)   They have not to play football

        (?)   Have they to play football

2.         (+)  I have to go to campuss

        (-)  I have not to go to campuss

        (?)  Have I to go to campuss?

3.         (+)  She have to do her task

        (-)  She have not to do her task

        (?)  Have she to do her task

4.         (+)  You have to listen radio now

        (-)  You have not to listen radio now

        (?)  Have you to listen radio now?

5.         (+)  He have to come to your party

       (-)   He have not to come to your party

       (?)   Have he to come to your party?

HAVE GOT TO

1.         (+)  You have got to go there

        (-)   You have not got to go there

        (?)  Have you got to go there?

2.         (+)  We have got to do our  homework

        (-)   We have not got to do our homework

        (?)  Have we got to do our homework?

3.         (+)  She has got to play piano

        (-)   She has not got to play piano

        (?)  Has she got to play piano?

4.         (+)  He has got to read the book

       (-)  He has not got to read the book

       (?)  Has he got to read the book?

5.        (+)  They have got to play tennis

       (-)  They have not got to play tennis

       (?)  Have they got to play tennis?

PREFER

1.         (+)  She prefer to do the task in home

        (-)   She doesn’t prefer to do the task in home

        (?)  Does she prefer to do the task in home?

2.         (+)  We prefer play football to tennis

        (-)   We don’t prefer football to tennis

        (?)  Do we prefer football to tennis?

3.         (+)  You prefer fried rice to fried chicken

        (-)   You don’t prefer fried rice to fried chicken

        (?)  Do you prefer fried rice to fried chicken?

4.         (+)  He prefer ride motorcycle to car

        (-)   He doesn’t prefer motorcycle to car

        (?)  Does he prefer motorcycle to car

5.         (+)  Anita prefer milk to tea

       (-)   Anita doesn’t prefer milk to tea

       (?)  Does anita prefer milk to tea

LIKE . . . . BETTER

 1.         (+)  She like watching tv better than listening music

         (-)   She like watching tv better not than listening music

         (?)   Does she like watching tv better than listening music?

2.         (+)  You like singing better than dancing

        (-)   You like singing better not than dancing

        (?)   Do you like singing better than dancing?

3.         (+)  I like chocolate better than milk

        (-)  I don’t like chocolate better than milk

        (?)  Do I like chocolate better than milk?

4.         (+) They like playing football better than tennis

       (-)  They don’t like playing football better than tennis

       (?)  Do they like playing football better than tennis?

5.         (+) We like reading better than writting

       (-)  We don’t like reading better than writting
       (?)  Do we like reading better than writting?

WOULD RATHER

1.         (+)  My brother would rather playing game than studying

        (-)   My brother would rather not playing game than studying

        (?)  Would my brother rather playing game than studying?

2.         (+)  You would rather watching this film

        (-)   You would rather not watching this film

        (?)  Would you rather watching this film?

3.         (+)  They would rather play football than basket

        (-)   They would rather not play football than basket

        (?)   Would they rather play football than basket?

4.         (+)  She would rather eat fried rice than fried chicken

       (-)   She would rather not eat fried rice than fried chicken

       (?)  Would she rather eat fried rice than fried chicken?

5.        (+)  We would rather read letter than write letter

       (-)   We would rather not read letter than write letter

       (?)  Would we rather read letter than write letter?

WOULD

1.         (+)  She would done her homework

        (-)   She wouldn’t done her homework

        (?)  Would she done her homework?

2.         (+)  You would clean the floor

        (-)   You wouldn’t clean the floor

        (?)  Would you clean the floor?

3.         (+)  Dodo would close the door

        (-)   Dodo wouldn’t close the door

        (?)  Would dodo close the doo?

4.         (+)  We would study english

        (-)   We wouldn’t study english

        (?)  Would we study english?

5.         (+)  He would send me letter

        (-)   He wouldn’t send me letter

        (?)  Would he send me letter?

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE

Countable nouns adalah kata benda yang dapat dihitung, yang dapat menunjukkan kuantitas atau jumlah, contohnya kata benda pen dapat dihitung one, two, atau three pens.

Contoh kata benda yang dapat dihitung: cat, dog, man, baby, person, animal, bottle, box, coin, cup, plate, table, chair, bag, glass, book, house, etc. Benda-benda yang ada di sekitar kita umumnya adalah benda yang dapat dihitung. Many digunakan untuk countable nouns dan terletak mendahuluinya. Countable nouns yang singular dapat didahului dengan kata this, that, every, each, either, dan neither, sedangkan yang plural biasanya didahului kata these, those, some, any, enough, dan zero article.

Contoh countable nouns dalam kalimat:

-          We could see a ship in the distance

-          I have to brothers, John and Mark.

-          How many years have you lived in Surabaya?

-          I haven't got many pens

-          I'm going out for five minutes.

Uncountable nouns (disebut juga mass nouns) adalah kebalikan dari countable nouns, yaitu kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung, contohnya kata benda water. Kata benda tersebut tidak bisa dikatakan a water atau two water, tetapi lebih tepat digunakan bersama dengan kata benda lainnya yang dapat dihitung, misalnya a glass of water atau two glass of water.

Contoh kata benda yang tidak dapat dihitung: sand, air, rice, sugar, cheese, tea, coffee, advice, assistance, fun, money, music, art, love, etc.

Contoh uncountable nouns dalam kalimat:

-           Can I have some water?

-           Shall we sit on the grass?

-          The money is much better in my new job.

-          I love music.

-          Would you like some coffee?

Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Present Continous Tense

Rumus : (+)  Subject (S) + tobe + Verb-ing + Object

             (-)  Subject (S) + tobe + not + Verb-ing + Object

             (?) Tobe + Subject (S) + Verb-ing + Object ?

Sentences :

1)       (+)We are watching a video

       (-) We aren’t watching a video

       (?) Are We watching a video?

2)      (+) He is listening to the radio

      (-) He isn’t listening to the radio

      (?) Is He listening to the radio?

3)     (+) They are playing football

      (-)  They aren’t playing football

      (?) Are they playing football?

4)     (+) I am eating fried rice

      (-) I am not eating fried rice

      (?) Am I eating fried rice?

5)     (+) She is studying English

      (-) She isn’t studying English

      (?) Is she studying English?

6)     (+)You are climbing the tree

      (-) You aren’t climbing the tree

      (?) Are You climbing the tree?

7)     (+) Andi is going to school

      (-) Andi isn’t going to school

      (?) Is Andi going to school?

8)      (+)Mr. Karto is reading a newspaper

      (-) Mr. Karto isn’t reading a newspaper

      (?) Is Mr. Karto reading a newspaper?

9)      (+) My Mother is making cake in the kitchen

      (-) My Mother isn’t making cake in the kitchen

      (?) Is My Mother making cake in the kitchen?

10)   (+) She is doing her homework

       (-) She isn’t doing her homework

       (?) Is she doing her homework?

Simple Present Tense
Rumus : (+) Subject (s) + Verb1 + S/es + Object

             (-)  Subject (s) + Do/Does not + Verb1 + Object

             (?)  Do/Does + Subject (S) + Verb1 + Object
Sentences :
1)    (+) Santi gets up early everyday

      (-) Santi Doesn’t get up early everyday

      (?)  Does Santi get up early everyday?
2)   (+) My Mother prepares breakfast every morning

          (-)  My Mother doesn’t prepare breakfast every morning

          (?)  Does my Mother prepare breakfast every morning?

     3)   (+) They always go to school by bus

     (-)  They don’t go to school by bus
     (?)  Do they always go to school by bus?
4)   (+) We Sometimes play tennis every sunday

          (-)  We don’t play tennis every sunday

          (?)  Do we play tennis every sunday?

     5)   (+) She swims in the swimming pool every day

          (-)  She Doesn’t Swim in the swimming pool every day

          (?)  Does she Swim in the swimming pool every day ?

     6)   (+) You usually go to bed at 10 p.m

          (-)  You usually don’t go to bed at 10 p.m

          (?)  Do you usually go to bed at 10 p.m ?

     7)   (+) They study english on Friday

          (-)  They don’t study english on Friday

          (?)  Do They study english on Friday?

     8)  (+) Rudi drinks coffee everyday

         (-)  Rudi doesn’t drink coffee everyday

         (?)  Does Rudi  drink coffee everyday ?

     9)  (+) My uncle always reads a newspaper every morning

          (-)  My Uncle doesn’t read a newspaper every morning

          (?)  Does My uncle  read a newspaper every morning ?

     10)(+) He Washes the car  a once a week

           (-)  He doesn’t wash the car a once a week

           (?)  Does he wash the car a once a week ?

Simple Past Tense

Rumus : (+) Subject (s) + Verb2 + Object

             (-)  Subject (s) + did not + Verb1 + Object

             (?)  Did + Subject (s) + Verb1 + Object ?

Sentences :

1)    (+) Ari came to the party last night

     (-)  Ari didn’t come to the party last night

     (?)  Did Ari come to the party last night ?

2)    (+) They studied English last week

     (-)  They didn’t study English last week

     (?) Did they study English last week ?

3)    (+) I arrived at campuss five minute ago

      (-)  I didn’t arrive at campuss five minute ago

      (?) Did I arrive at campuss five minute ago ?

4)    (+) We enjoyed the concert yesterday

     (-) We didn’t enjoy the concert yesterday

     (?) Did We enjoy the concert yesterday ?

5)   (+) She talked about him last night

     (-)  She didn’t talk about him last night

     (?) Did She talk about him last night ?

6)    (+) You got your honour last month

     (-) You didn’t get your honour last month

     (?) Did you get your honour last month?

7)    (+) We travelled to Bali last year

     (-) We didn’t travell to Bali last year

     (?) Did we travell to Bali last year ?

8)    (+) He went to your home last night

     (-) He didn’t go to your home last night

     (?) Did he go to your home last night ?

9)    (+) Santi watched Tv last minutes

      (-) Santi didn’t watch Tv last minutes

      (?) Did santi watch Tv last minutes ?

10)(+) She took my book yesterday

      (-) She didn’t  take my book yesterday

      (?) Did she take my book yesterday ?

Past Continous Tense
Rumus : (+) Subject (s) + tobe ( was,were ) + Verb1-ing + subject

             (-) Subject (s) + tobe not + Verb1-ing + Object

             (?) Tobe + Subject + Verb1-ing + Object ?
Sentences :
1)      (+) We were watching Tv last night

             (-) We weren’t watching Tv last night

             (?) Were we watching Tv last night?

      2)       (+) I was eating bread this morning

              (-) I wasn’t eating bread this morning

              (?) Was I eating bread this morning ?

       3)      (+) He was going to her home when she slept

              (-) He wasn’t going to her home when she slept

              (?) Was he going to her home when she slept?

        4)      (+) You were climbing the tree when he went

               (-) You weren’t climbing the tree when he went

               (?) Were you climbing the tree when he went?

         5)      (+) They were playing football last week

               (-)  They weren’t playing football last week

               (?)  Were they playing football last week?

         6)      (+) She was studying english last friday

                (-)  She wasn’t studying english last friday

                (?)  Was she studying english last friday?

         7)      (+) Mother was cooking rice in the kitchen when I studied

                (-)  Mother wasn’t cooking rice in the kitchen when I studied

                (?)  Was Mother cooking rice in the kitchen when I studied?

         8)      (+) We Were coming to campuss this morning

                (-)  We weren’t coming to campuss this morning

                (?)  Were we coming to campuss this morning?

          9)      (+) Uncle was reading a newspaper yesterday

                 (-) Uncle wasn’t reading a newspaper yesterday

                 (?) Was uncle reading a newspaper?

         10)   (+) Rudi was doing is homework last night

                (-) Rudi wasn’t  doing is homework last night

                (?) Was Rudi doing is homework last night?

         

          Present Perfect Tense

          Rumus : (+) Subject (s) + have/has + Verb3 + Object

                        (-) Subject (s) + have/has not + Verb3 + Object

                 (?) Have/has +Subject (s) + Verb3 +Object ?
   Sentences :

1)      (+) He has mailed a letter

(-) He hasn’t mailed a letter

(?) Has he mailed a letter?

2)      (+) We have forgiven them

(-) We haven’t forgiven them

(?) Have we forgiven them?

3)      (+) Sandi has spoken to me

(-) Sandi hasn’t spoken to me

(?) Has sandi spoken to me?

4)      (+) They have understood their lesson

(-) They haven’t understood their lesson

(?) Have they understood their lesson?

5)      (+) Sinta has met you

(-) Sinta has not met you

(?) Has sinta met you?

6)      (+) I have seen them

(-) I haven’t seen them

(?) Have I seen them?

7)      (+) You have known it

(-) You haven’t known it

(?) Have you known it?

8)      (+) Adi has eaten a meatball

(-) Adi hasn’t eaten a meatball

(?) Has Adi eaten a meatball?

9)      (+) She has forgotten him

(-) She hasn’t forgotten him

(?) Has She  forgotten him?

10)   (+) They have done their homework

(-) They haven’t done their homework

(?) Have they done their homework?

Present Perfect Continous Tense

Rumus : (+) Subject (S) + have/has + been + Verb1-ing + Object

              (-) Subject (S) + have/has  + not + been + Verb1-ing + Object

              (?) Have/has + Subject (S) + been + Verb1-ing + Object ?

Sentences :

1)      (+) You have been doing your task

      (-) You haven’t been doing your task

      (?) Have you been doing your task?

2)      (+) She has been getting money

      (-) She hasn’t been getting money

      (?) Has she been getting money ?

3)      (+) They have been plying football

      (-) They haven’t been plying football

      (?) Have they been plying football ?

4)      (+) We Have been studying English

      (-) We haven’t been studying English

      (?) Have we been studying English ?

5)      (+) Uncle has been reading a book

      (-) Uncle hasn’t been reading a book

      (?) Has uncle been reading a book ?

6)      (+) Andi has been doing his task

       (-) Andi hasn’t been doing his task

       (?) Has Andi been doing his task ?

7)      (+)  I have been eating a plate of fried rice

       (-) I haven’t been eating a plate of fried rice

       (?) Have I been eating a plate of fried rice ?

8)      (+) My brother has been drinking a glass of milk

       (-) My brother hasn’t been drinking a glass of milk

       (?) Has My brother been drinking a glass of milk ?

9)      (+) They have been going to the beach

       (-) They haven’t been going to the beach

      (?) Have they been going to the beach ?

10)   (+) You have been typing a letter

       (-) You haven’t been typing a letter

       (?) Have you been typing a letter

Future Tenses

Rumus : a).(+) Subject + will/shall + Verb1 + Object

                  (-) Subject + Will/shall + not + Verb1 + Object

                  (?) Shall/will + Subject + Verb1 + Object ?

            b). (+) Subject + tobe (am.is.are) + going to + Verb1 + Object

                  (-) Subject + tobe (am,is,are ) + not + going to+ Verb1 +Object

                  (?) Tobe + Subject + going to + Verb1 + Object ?

Sentences :

1)      (+) I will go to campuss tomorrow

      (-) I will not go to campuss tomorrow

      (?) Will I go to campuss tomorrow?

2)      (+) We will travel to Bali next year

       (-) We won’t travel to Bali next year

       (?) Will we travel to Bali next year?

3)      (+) She will study English next week

      (-) She won’t study English next week

      (?) Will she study English next week?

4)      (+) They will play football tomorrow

      (-) They will not play football tomorrow

      (?) Will they play football tomorrow?

5)      (+) Rahmat shall arrive to your home tomorrow

       (-) Rahmat shall not arrive to your home tomorrow

       (?) Shall rahmat arrive to your home tomorrow?

6)      (+) You are going to eat meatball

       (-) You are not going to eat meatball

       (?) Are you going to eat meatball?

7)      (+) Andi is going to send his letter tomorrow

       (-) Andi is not going to send his letter tomorrow

       (?) Is Andi going to send his letter tomorrow?

8)      (+) We are going to wait you next week

      (-) We aren’t going to wait you next week

      (?) Are we going to wait you next week?

9)      (+) Susi is going to swim in the swimming pool next month

      (-) Susi isn’t going to swim in the swimming pool next month

      (?) Ia Susi going to swim in the swimming pool next month ?

10)   (+) Jack n Jill are going to get married

       (-) Jack n Jill aren’t going to get married

       (?) Are Jack n Jill going to get married?

Past Perfect Tense

Rumus : (+) Subject (s) + Had + Verb3 + Object

                              (-) Subject (s) + Had + not + Verb3 + Object

                              (?) Had + Subject (s) +  Verb3 + Object ?

Senteces :

1)      (+) They had played volley ball yesterday

      (-) They han’t played volley ball yesterday

      (?) Had they played volley ball yesterday?

2)      (+) Adi had spoken to me last night

       (-) Adi hadn’t spoken to me last night

       (?) Had Adi spoken to me last night?

3)      (+) We had gone to Bali last year

       (-) We hadn’t gone to Bali last year

       (?) Had We gone to Bali last year?

4)      (+) Sinta had met them yesterday

      (- ) Sinta hadn’t met them yesterday

      (?) Had Sinta met them yesterday?

5)      (+) He had given gift for me

      (-) He hadn’t given gift for me

      (?) Had he given gift for me?

6)      (+) You had read his letter

       (-)  You hadn’t read his letter

       (?) Had You read his letter?

7)      (+) I had done my exercise

       (-)  I hadn’t done my exercise

       (?) Had I done my exercise?

8)      (+) My Brother had bought shoes

       (-)  My Brother hadn’t bought shoes

       (?) Had My Brother bought shoes?

9)      (+) She had seen us

       (-)  She hadn’t seen us

      (?) Had She seen us?

10)   (+) Jimmy had repaired his handphone

       (- ) Jimmy hadn’t repaired his handphone

       (?) Had Jimmy repaired his handphone? 

ARTICLE

Bali is a province of Indonesia. The province covers a few small neighbouring islands as well as the island of Bali. The main island is located in the western most end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country’s 34 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.

With a population recorded as 3,891,428 in the 2010 census, and currently 4.22 million, the island is home to most of Indonesia's Hindu minority. In the 2000 census about 92.29% of Bali's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism while most of the remainder follow Islam. It is also the largest tourist destination in the country and is renowned for its highly developed arts, including traditional and modern dance, sculpture, painting, leather, metalworking, and music. A tourist haven for decades, Bali has seen a further surge in tourist numbers in recent years.

PARALLEL CONSTRUCTIONS

1.              Neither ® Nor

Rumus :

v  Neither + Adjective + Nor + Adjective

v  Neither + Noun + Nor + Plural Noun +Plural Verb

v  Neither + Noun + Nor + Singular Noun + Singular Verb

Sentences :

1)      Neither Rudi nor the students are doing homework

2)      The book is neithert interesting nor accurate

3)      She is neither smart nor stupid

4)      You have neither a pencil nor ruler

5)      We neither eat nor drink

6)      Neither Ana nor Ani is here

7)      Neither Jim nor Sue is absent

8)      Neither I nor You know where she is

9)      Neither Adi nor Andi comes to your house

10)   Neither Susi nor Santi had seen us

2.              Either ® Or

Rumus :

v  Either + Noun + Or + Noun

v  Either + Noun + Or + Singular Noun

Sentences :

1)      Either the teacher or students are leaving the classroom

2)      You can meet with him either now or tomorrow

3)      She will take either english or Japanese

4)      Either Rudi and Adit are doing homework

5)      Either Ana and Ani is here

6)      Either Susi and Santi had seen us

7)      Either Adi or Andi comes to your house

8)      Either I or You know where she is

9)      Either My Mother or My Father is watching TV

10)   Adit will call either you or metha

3.              Both ® And

Rumus :  Both + Noun + And + Noun

Sentences :

1)        Both My Mother and My Father are watching TV

2)        Both Tari and Upin spent the holiday to Bali last year

3)        Both Jono and Jimi will come to your house

4)        Both My Mother and My Father talked to the teacher

5)        Both She and You were here yesterday

6)        Both Siska and Sisil are dillegent

7)        Both Ana an Ani cleans the board

8)        Both The Teacher and Students are studying in classroom

9)        Both Susi and Santi had seen us

10)     Both Budi and Ricky enjoy the holiday

Name  : Kuntari Handayani

NPM  : 16209098

Class  :  4EA17